Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity level and physical disability in young individuals with low back pain (LBP). Methods: This study included 260 individuals (131 females and 129 males) with low back pain. Participant’s sociodemographic properties assessed with questionnaire prepared by researchers. Participant’s physical disability was evaluated with Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Physical activity level was evaluated by the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: There was found a negative weak correlation between the ODI and total score of IPAQ (r = - 0.142; p= 0.01). Male’s total physical activity level was higher than women, while Oswestry score was significantly lower than women (p<0.05). Although there was no significant relation between Body Mass Index and ODI score (p>0.05), there was a statistically significant difference with IPAQ total score (p <0.05). Conclusion: According to this study results, it was understood that physical activity level may affect the physical disability caused by low back pain in individuals with LBP. We believe that young people should be encouraged to increase their physical activity levels. We hope to conduct studies that will investigate the relationship between physical activity and physical disability in all age groups in consideration of socioeconomic characteristics and other parameters that may affect LBP.

Objective: This study aims to determine the factors that affect empathic tendency and colleague solidarity in nurses and the relationship between empathic tendency and colleague solidarity. Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 277 nurses who could be reached and voluntarily agreed to participate in this research between April and May 2018. The nurse description form, the empathic tendencies scale and the collegiality between nurses scale were used for data collection. Frequencies, arithmetic averages, the one sample KolmogorovSmirnov test, internal consistency analysis (Cronbach’s alpha) were used to analyze the data. For independent groups, t test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used in data evaluation. Results: The mean score of the nurses from the Empathic Tendency Scale was found to be 71.24 ± 10.06, while the mean score of the Colleague Solidarity Scale for Nurses was 87.56 ± 13.93. The mean scores obtained from the scales and the subdimensions were significantly affected by some variables, such as the status of the unit in which she/he worked, the working year, the position worked, satisfaction and education level. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the empathic tendencies of the nurses and the attitudes of colleague solidarity. Conclusion: It was determined that the empathic tendencies of the nurses and the attitudes towards solidarity with their colleagues were at a good level and their empathic tendencies positively affected their peer solidarity attitudes

Objective: It has been proven in many studies that unbalanced and irregular dietary habits have negative effects on human health in every period of life. This research was conducted to determine the nutritional status and the factors affecting the Emergency and First Aid students. Methods: The data were collected between 22-26 May 2017, in the Emergency and First Aid department of a university by using the questionnaire prepared by the researchers and the Body Mass Index of the World Health Organization The total number of students in these classes was 140 and the study was completed on a voluntary basis with 120 students. Results: Of the students participating in the study, 69.2% were women, 50.8% were in formal education, 60% had monthly income of 500 TL or less, and 42.5% remained in the state dormitory. The mean body mass index of the students was found to be 21,8 ± 2,4 kg / m2, and 12% of the female students were weak, 58% were overweight and 30% were fat. When the nutritional status of the students is examined; 19.2% generally stated that they eat their meals at apared food and beverage establishments and 46.7% of them ate fast food between the bread and 66.7% of them did not have a regular morning breakfast. 18.3% of the time as a reason for skipping lunch, and 23.3% of the time they were late to the course. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that there was no significant relationship between the socio-demographic characteristics of the students and their eating habits, the most overlooked main meal was morning breakfast and the overwhelming majority of the students were not fed enough, balanced and regular. In line with these results, awareness programs to be given to university students on nutrition can be provided to correct the wrong habits related to nutrition and to prevent future diseases.

Pregnancy

Membranes, which separate the cells from their environment, are two-layered structures composed of lipits, proteins and carbohydrates. One of the systems that allow the transport of various molecules accros cell membranes are carrier proteins that are located on the cell membrane. Cancer is the general name of a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. The incidence of cancer is increasing with various factors such as the average life span. One of the most important obstacles to cancer treatment is multidrug resistance, which cancer cells develop against chemotherapeutics. ABC carrier proteins are one of the most important factors that cause this resistance. Until today 49 members of this protein superfamily has been discovered, there are four members who are found to be associated with multiple drug resistance in vivo conditions. These are P-glycoprotein (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and ABCC10. These proteins can efflux many different anticancer drugs which are different from each other in terms of chemical structure and mechanism of action and cause cancer cells to develop resistance to chemotherapeutics. One strategy that has been tried to overcome the multiple drug resistance that occurs in cancer cells and make these cells susceptible to anticancer drugs is the co-administration of anticancer drugs with P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Three generations of P-glycoprotein inhibitors have been developed for this purpose. These inhibitors, which have not yet been successful in clinical trials, constitute a very important area to be addressed in terms of cancer treatment..

Objective: This study is planned as analytically with for the purpose of developing nursing monitoring form for patients having obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods: A improbable random sampling method was used to determine the sample of the study. 280 adult patients in the universe formed the sample. 180 patients participated in the study. The data were collected by using the patient imformation form and the Sleep Disorder Symptoms Form, Modified Mallampati Scoring, Guidelines for Diagnosing the OSAS Symptoms, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Postoperative Risk Assessment Guide for the patientswith OSAS, and Postoperative Monitoring Form for the patient with OSAS. In the evaluation of the data, Percentage, Chi-Square, the significance of the difference between the two means were used. Results: When the symptoms in the sleep disorder symptoms form are evaluated according, sleep disorder symptoms like doziness during daytime, snoring, respiratory standstill and waking up frequently throughout the night are found significantly higher in patient with OSAS risk compared to other group. (p<0.01) BMI, neck circumference, modified mallampati scoring, OSAS risk score and ESS mean scores of patient with OSAS were found significantly higher thannon risky group. The patient monitoring form developed by the researcher was used. The patients with OSAS risk have risk due to the application of opioid narcosis during the operation, for that reason it was found out that positioning these patients and using auxiliary devices and tools after operation are necessary. When monitoring and oxygen saturation follow-up situations of the patients with and without OSAS risk are checked after operation, it was seen that 27 % of the patients with OSAS risk should be monitored and O2 saturation of them has to be followed. Conclusion: It was found that the monitoring form developed for the diagnosis of OSAS patients in surgical clinics and monitoring of postoperative monitoring was useful.

Dietary fiber is defined as a group of food components that are resistant to digestive enzymes and its main sources are cereals, fruits and vegetables. Dietary fiber has a positive effect on the prevention of many diseases, especially colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, constipation. Dietary fiber is important in food technology because of its technological and functional properties. It is also a very important component of formulation in low-energy food production. Increasing the number of healthy nutrition consumers nowadays increases the interest in the consumption of foods with high fiber content.